Anaphylactic reactions 1.Immediate hypersensitive reaction which occur due to exposure of specific antigen or hapten to sensitized indivisual result in urticaria,pruritis,and angioedema,followed by vascular collapse and shock and often accompained by life-threatening respiratory distress. common agents causing anaphylaxis include Hymenoptera venom, pollen extracts,certain foods, horse and rabbit sera,heterologous enzymes and hormones, and certain drugs, such as penicillin and lidocaine. 2. A general term applied to the situation in which when an indivisual expose to antigen result in not development of immunity (prophylaxis) but produce hypersensitivity. 3.The term is commonly used to denote the immediate, transient kind of immunologic(allergic) reaction characterized by contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries due to release of pharmacologically active substances(histamin, bradykinin, serotonin, and slow reacting substances), initiated by the combination of antigen(allergin) with mast cell fixed, cytophilic antibody(chiefly IgE), the reaction can also be initiated by large quantity of serum aggregates (antigen-antibody complexes) that activate complement leading to production of anaphylatoxin, a reaction sometime termed "aggregate anaphylaxis" Medications (drug generics) used in Anaphylactic reactions Primary Drugs Dextran Diphenhydramine Hydrocortisone Promethazine (HCl) Secondary Drugs Clemastine Contra Drugs Actinomycin D Antler Extract Cyanocobalamin Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine Hydroxocobalamin Measles Vaccine Mechlorethamine Rho (D) Immune Globulin Tetanus Toxoid Tetanus Vaccine
Anaphylactic reactions 1.Immediate hypersensitive reaction which occur due to exposure of specific antigen or hapten to sensitized indivisual result in urticaria,pruritis,and angioedema,followed by vascular collapse and shock and often accompained by life-threatening respiratory distress. common agents causing anaphylaxis include Hymenoptera venom, pollen extracts,certain foods, horse and rabbit sera,heterologous enzymes and hormones, and certain drugs, such as penicillin and lidocaine. 2. A general term applied to the situation in which when an indivisual expose to antigen result in not development of immunity (prophylaxis) but produce hypersensitivity. 3.The term is commonly used to denote the immediate, transient kind of immunologic(allergic) reaction characterized by contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries due to release of pharmacologically active substances(histamin, bradykinin, serotonin, and slow reacting substances), initiated by the combination of antigen(allergin) with mast cell fixed, cytophilic antibody(chiefly IgE), the reaction can also be initiated by large quantity of serum aggregates (antigen-antibody complexes) that activate complement leading to production of anaphylatoxin, a reaction sometime termed "aggregate anaphylaxis" Medications (drug generics) used in Anaphylactic reactions Primary Drugs Dextran Diphenhydramine Hydrocortisone Promethazine (HCl) Secondary Drugs Clemastine Contra Drugs Actinomycin D Antler Extract Cyanocobalamin Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine Hydroxocobalamin Measles Vaccine Mechlorethamine Rho (D) Immune Globulin Tetanus Toxoid Tetanus Vaccine